ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 IC

ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 Description

Allegro’s ACS70331 is a 5 A current sensor IC with a high-sensitivity current sensor. To detect the magnetic field caused by the current passing through the low resistance, integrated main conductor, it uses giant magneto-resistive (GMR) technology, which is 25 times more sensitive than conventional Hall-effect sensors.

The primary current is proportional to the speed of the analog signal output, which has low noise and is, therefore, very fast. For this component, the usual response time is 535 ns. The ACS70331 can be ordered with one of four predetermined sensitivity and offset settings, each calibrated by the manufacturer to provide maximum accuracy across a specific range of current.

Stable functioning is achieved even in magnetically noisy surroundings due to the differential design of the GMR elements concerning the integrated current conductor, which effectively rejects stray magnetic fields.

The ACS70331 can run on a single 3.3 V power source and is certified for use in temperatures ranging from -40 degrees Celsius to 85 degrees Celsius.

• The ACS70311 is identical to the ACS70310, except that it contains the following upgrades:
• Reduces the requirement for voltages greater than VCC during customer programming.
• POR (Power-on-reset) and UVD (Under Voltage Detection) are included to enhance diagnostics.

ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 Applications

• Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Traction Motor Inverter
• 48V Starter Generator
• Battery Junction Boxes
• Smart fuse
• Overcurrent detection
• DC/DC Converter

ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 Features and Benefits

• Super-sensitive current sensor IC, measuring currents as high as 5 A. (DC or AC).
• The bandwidth of 1 MHz and a response time of fewer than 550 ns.
• Very quiet operation (rms current at 1 MHz is 8 mA).
• Analog output independent of ratios, proportional to both alternating and direct current
• A power supply of only 3.3 V is sufficientfor operation.
• A high DC PSRR allows it to use less precise power sources or batteries (3 to 4.5 V operation).
• Because of the low resistance of the primary conductor (1.1 m), very little energy is wasted.
• QFN-12 and SOIC-8 surface mount packages are small and ideal for use where space is at a premium.

Theory of Operation

● GMR Sensing Elements

Current in the ACS70331 is measured indirectly by measuring the field created by the current using GMR (giant magneto-resistive) elements. In contrast to the Hall-effect sensors utilized in the vast majority of Allegro’s existing sensors, these components function completely differently. Because of its increased sensitivity compared to the Hall effect, GMR is a great tool for monitoring extremely low currents.

As a result, the ACS70331’s input-referred noise is over 25 times lower than that of Allegro’s lowest noise Hall-effect-based current sensors. GMR elements are resistors whose behavior changes in response to an external field. Different from planar Hall sensors, in which the applied field is perpendicular to the sensor plane, in this case, it is parallel to the sensor surface.

● Gain and Offset Trim

The ACS70331’s GMR elements are arranged in a bridge, making it easy to adjust the sensor’s gain and offset. Given that the bridge’s output voltage is proportional to the voltage driving it, the latter is adjusted to account for nominal gain and temperature variations. After the bridge voltage has been increased, the offset is removed. At the time of final testing, just before the item is locked, fuses are programmed to store all trim codes.

● Power-On Behavior

After VCC is raised above VCC(min), the device’s internal circuitry requires tPO to fully power on and set the output to the proper value. After tFPD, the ACS70331 powers down the fuses to conserve power and stores the fuse values, which carry configuration and trim information, in volatile registers. Since the ACS70331 uses the fuses’ direct outputs during tFPD, neither the fuses’ configuration nor their trim needs to be altered in the absence of power.

● Isolation and Transient Voltage Performance

The ACS70331 is shielded from the main conductor using a non-conductive die attach. A hi-pot test of only about 500 Vrms does not provide safe isolation. When in use, the primary-to-signal-leads voltage should be maintained at or below 100 V. By design, there is a capacitance in the ACS70331 between the principal conductor and the die’s substrate.

The sensor’s output may be erratic when the voltage on the primary conductor fluctuates quickly. The ACS70331’s reaction to a fast-transient voltage on the primary conductor is captured in the scope below. Although the sensor is severely perturbed, its performance returns to normal in less than 0.5 s because of the sensor’s high bandwidth.

● Thermal Performance and Overcurrent Capability

The primary conductor of the ACS70331 has a low resistance of 1.1 m (ES) and 1.7 m (OL), which contributes to the low power dissipation and, as a result, the minimal temperature rise caused by the flow of current through the sensor.

The temperature of the die only rises to about 4 degrees Celsius when 5 A is applied. Because the temperature of the die increases by approximately 16 degrees Celsius when the current is increased to 10 amperes, this indicates that when the maximum ambient temperature is 85 degrees Celsius and the maximum rated continuous current is flowing, the die would be close to its maximum rated junction temperature of 100 degrees Celsius. Additionally, the ACS70331 has the ability to withstand higher levels of current for shorter periods of time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 is a current sensor that has been created to satisfy the requirements of various industrial applications. This sensor has a high-performance level and a high degree of accuracy. Even in the most challenging conditions, the ACS70331EOLCTR-2P5B3 can give a dependable and effective performance thanks to its cutting-edge sensor technology, extensive temperature operating range, and low power consumption. It is a suitable option for various applications, from motor control to power management, due to its compact size, broad input voltage range, and accurate output. These characteristics make it a perfect solution.

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