LM317EMP Linear Voltage Regulator IC

Technical Specifications of LM317EMP

Datasheet	LM317EMP datasheet
Category	Integrated Circuits (ICs)
Family	PMIC – Voltage Regulators – Linear
Manufacturer	Texas Instruments
Series	–
Packaging	Tape & Reel (TR)
Part Status	Active
Regulator Topology	Positive Adjustable
Voltage – Output	1.25 V ~ 37 V
Current – Output	1A
Voltage – Dropout (Typical)	–
Number of Regulators	1
Voltage – Input	4.2 V ~ 37 V
Current – Limit (Min)	–
Operating Temperature	0°C ~ 125°C
Mounting Type	Surface Mount
Package / Case	TO-261-4, TO-261AA
Supplier Device Package	SOT-223-4

The LM317 is a positive linear voltage regulator IC that is used rather frequently. Bob Dobkin first conceived of the idea in 1976 while he was employed with National Semiconductor.

The inverse of the positively charged LM317, the LM337, is used to regulate lower voltages than a reference. It was designed by Bob Pease, who worked for National Semiconductor, and he was the one who came up with the idea. Let’s begin by defining the term “Linear Voltage Regulator” so that everyone is on the same page regarding the topic.

Linear Voltage Regulator?

A linear regulator is a type of voltage regulator used in electronic devices. Because the regulator’s resistance varies with both the input voltage and the load, a constant voltage is produced. The regulating circuit’s resistance changes continuously and adjusts a voltage divider network to maintain a stable output voltage.

The difference between the input and output voltages is lost as heat. In contrast, a device that toggles on and off actively maintains the average output of a switching regulator (oscillates). The efficiency of a linear regulator is limited, and the input voltage must always be high enough to allow the active device to decrease voltage, as the regulated voltage must be lower than the input voltage.

In a linear regulator, the regulator can either be in series with the load (series regulator) or series with the regulating source and load (shunt regulator) (a series regulator). A simple linear regulator consists of a Zener diode and a series resistor; more complicated regulators comprise specialized voltage reference, error amplifier, and power pass stages. Regulator ICs on a single chip are prevalent due to linear voltage regulators in electrical devices. A linear regulator can also be assembled from discrete solid-state or vacuum-tube components.

Linear regulators are non-linear circuits, as they contain non-linear components (such as Zener diodes, as demonstrated in the simple shunt regulator). The output voltage is ideally constant (a non-linear circuit has a continuous output independent of its input).

Drawbacks of Voltage Linear Regulators

The low efficiency of linear regulators is a significant problem for many applications. In a regulator, the transistor connecting the input and output terminals behaves like a variable series resistance, squandering a great deal of power when the input-to-output voltage differential and load current are both high. The current required by the regulator’s internal circuitry is included in dissipated energy to function (shown in the diagram as IGND).

Heat is likely to cause failure in a linear-regulator circuit more frequently than any other factor. The power dissipation of the regulator IC will cause the component’s temperature to rise. If insufficient heat sinks are present, the regulator’s temperature could increase to the point where it severely impairs performance or causes thermal shutdown. This critical problem is covered in the AAC’s journal article on thermal design for linear regulators.

Linear Voltage Regulator Applications

Although linear regulators are less efficient than switching regulators, they continue to see widespread use for several reasons. The minimal output noise, low cost, and ease of usage are all significant benefits. Most linear regulators can function with only input and output capacitors as their only external components; furthermore, the design process is greatly simplified by the wide range of possible capacitance values.

What is LM317EMP

The LM317-N series of adjustable 3-pin positive voltage regulators can produce more than 1.5 A over a 1.25-V to 37-V output range and a broad temperature range. Additionally, it can regulate voltages between 1.25 V and 37 V. They are quite simple to put to use and simply call for the addition of two external resistors to adjust the output voltage. In addition, the line regulation and load control are superior to the typical fixed regulators’ performance.

Complete overload protection is provided by the LM317-N, which includes features such as thermal overload protection, safe area protection, and current limit. Even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected, the overload protection circuitry will continue to function normally in its entirety.

In most cases, capacitors are unnecessary; however, an input bypass is required if the device is located more than 6 inches away from the input filter capacitors. An output capacitor is not needed to improve the transient response further but can be added if desired. It is feasible to attain very high ripple rejection ratios by avoiding the adjustment terminal. Those are challenging to create with conventional 3-terminal regulators because of their innate design restrictions.

Because the regulator is floating and only detects the voltage difference between the input and the output, it is possible to control supplies with several hundred volts as long as the maximum voltage differential between the input and the output is not exceeded. That is, avoid creating a circuit too short at the output.

The LM317-N can function as a precision current regulator if an external resistor is connected between the adjustment pin and the device’s output. One can create supplies with electronic shutdown by clamping the adjustment terminal to the ground. This also programs the output to 1.25 V, an area where most loads draw a small amount of current.

LM317EMP Features

• The LM317-N family of adjustable 3-pin positive voltage regulators can deliver 1.5 A over a 1.25-V to a 37-V output range.
• It regulates 1.25 V to 37 V.
• The LM317-N has a current limit, thermal overload, and safe area protection.
• Connecting an additional resistor between the LM317-N’s adjustment pin and the output turns it into a precision current regulator

Conclusion

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